What is HASL PCB finish?
HASL or HAL (for hot air (solder) leveling) is a type of finish used on printed circuit boards (PCBs). The PCB is typically dipped into a bath of molten solder so that all exposed copper surfaces are covered by solder. Excess solder is removed by passing the PCB between hot air knives.
How thick is ENIG?
ENIG plating thickness of each layer should be between 0.05 to 0.23 µm for the immersion gold layer and 2.5 to 5.0 µm for the electroless nickel. The thicker the immersion gold layer, the more likely it is to result with a black pad due to process complications.
Is ENIG better than HASL?
This strong joint also makes HASL a good finish for high-reliability applications. However, HASL leaves an uneven surface despite the leveling process. ENIG, on the other hand, provides for a very flat surface making ENIG preferable for fine pitch and high pin count components especially ball-grid array (BGA) devices.
What is HASL and ENIG?
HASL has a excellent solder-ability and has a good shelf life. ENIG has excellent corrosion resistance, it is good for aluminum wire bonding, excellent for fine-pitch technology, excellent solder-ability and excellent shelf life.
What is lead-free HASL?
Lead-Free HASL is similar to standard HASL, but with an obvious difference… It doesn’t use Tin-Lead solder. Instead, Tin-Copper, Tin-Nickel or Tin-Copper-Nickel Germanium may be used. This makes Lead-Free HASL an economical and RoHS compliant choice. Due to the good quality of ENIG, the price is higher too.
What is Hal SN PB?
HAL or HASL (Hot Air Leveling or Hot Air Solder Leveling) uses the tin-lead (Sn-Pb) alloys and the alignment by the hot air knife. This finishing is currently most commonly used due to its properties. It provides excellent solderability with substantial shelf life. HAL finishing is easy to manufacture and inexpensive.
What is ENIG in PCB?
ENIG is a two layer metallic coating of 2-8 μin Au over 120-240 μin Ni. The Nickel is the barrier to the copper and is the surface to which the components are actually soldered to. The gold protects the nickel during storage and also provides the low contact resistance required for the thin gold deposits.
How thick is the gold in ENIG?
The typical thickness ranges from 0.05 – 0 23 µm (2 – 9 µ in) gold over 2.5 – 5.0 µm (100 – 200 µ in) electroless nickel. This thickness remains consistent throughout the PCB.
Is HASL lead-free?
2. Lead in HASL is harmful to humans, but lead-free not. The lead eutectic temperature is lower than lead-free, which depend on Lead-free alloy composition. For example, The eutectic of SNAGCU is 217 degrees, the pcb soldering temperature is eutectic temperature plus 30 to 50 degrees.
What does ENIG stand for?
Electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG or ENi/IAu), also known as immersion gold (Au), chemical Ni/Au or soft gold, is a metal plating process used in the manufacture of printed circuit boards (PCBs), to avoid oxidation and improve the solderability of copper contacts and plated through-holes.
Is HASL lead free?
What is OSP PCB surface finish?
OSP is a water-based, organic surface finish that is typically used for copper pads. It selectively bonds to copper and protects the copper pad before soldering. OSP is environmentally friendly, provides a coplanar surface, is lead-free, and requires low equipment maintenance.
What is the difference between HASL and lead-free PCBs?
HASL finishes are composed of solder, with proportions of approximately 63% tin and 37% lead, but HASL can also be used for Lead-Free PCBs, with only minor changes to the process. This finish is applied by first dipping the circuit board into a molten pot of the tin/lead alloy after the Solder Mask has been applied.
Can HASL be used with SMT PCB assembly?
Recent fundamental changes in the PCB industry, such as increasing amounts of complex surface mount technology (SMT), have revealed HASL’s shortcomings. HASL is not suitable for use with fine-pitch SMT PCB Assembly due to uneven surfaces being incompatible with fine pitch components.
How is a printed circuit board made with HASL?
With HASL, the printed circuit board is held vertically by clamps and dipped into a flux bath and then a molten solder hot vat. The finish, which contains tin/lead, is leveled off with hot air knives and the printed circuit board panel is raised out of the molten solder vat. This ensures a homogenous thickness over the entire board.
Are there any concerns about the finish compatibility of a PCB?
Additionally, you may have concerns about the finish compatibility with the subsequent termination process – such as wire bonding or welding. But how do you know which surface finish is best for your next PCB project?