Can thalassemia cause hypoglycemia?
The high rate of hypoglycemia in patients with ß-thalassemia major may be caused by liver fibrosis and a lack of hepatic glycogen stores.
How does thalassemia affect the endocrine system?
Abstract. Patients with multi-transfused thalassaemia major may develop severe endocrine complications due to iron overload. The anterior pituitary is particularly sensitive to iron overload which disrupts hormonal secretion resulting in hypogonadism, short stature , acquired hypothyroidism and hypoparathyroidism.
How does thalassemia cause diabetes?
Diabetes is a significant complication of b-thalassaemia major. The aetiology includes iron overload causing b-cell destruction, autoimmunity, insulin resistance secondary to liver disease and development of type 1 or 2 diabetes.
Why is there hypogonadism in thalassemia?
Hypogonadism is the most frequently reported endocrine complication, affecting 70–80% of thalassemia major patients. Hypogonadism is likely to be caused by iron deposits in the gonads, pituitary gland or both.
Does thalassemia affect blood sugar?
The reported prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus in thalassemia major is up to 24% and 26% respectively and it is believed that insulin resistance can be occurred in these patients before the onset of glucose intolerance or diabetes mellitus [4].
How does thalassemia affect hemoglobin A1c?
Conclusions: S-beta(+)-thalassemia interferes with Bio-Rad Turbo assay causing falsely elevated A1c. If significantly increased A1c is detected and HbS is >50%, S-beta(+)-thalassemia should be suspected.
Why does thalassemia cause slow growth?
Slow Growth Your child’s body needs lots of energy to grow. Cells need oxygen to create that energy. Without enough oxygen, a child will grow more slowly. Puberty may also start late in kids with beta thalassemia.
How does thalassemia affect HbA1c?
We speculate that immature red blood cells are compensatory in β-thalassemia. The glycosylated hemoglobin of immature red blood cells is lower than that of mature red blood cells, causing HbA1c to decrease. The HbA1c value of GDM patients with β-thalassemia minor is lower than that of GDM patients without thalassemia.
Does thalassemia affect testosterone?
An emerging endocrine disorder in young adult TD β-thal subjects is acquired hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (AHH) (21). AHH is a disorder caused by the inability of the testes to produce physiologic levels of testosterone and normal numbers of spermatozoa as a result of a disruption of the H-P-G axis (18).
Can thalassemia cause erectile dysfunction?
In patients with thalassemia major or transfusion-dependent thalassemia, ED is a possible complication predominantly due to iron overload as a result of recurrent blood transfusion leading to hypogonadism.
Does alpha thalassemia affect HbA1c?
HbA1c values were significantly lower in individuals with HbH disease than in control individuals and patients in the other two α-thalassemia groups.
What is the pathophysiology of thalassemia?
Thalassemia is a blood disorder that is caused by DNA mutations in cells that are responsible for producing hemoglobin. This leads to a reduction in the number and ability of the red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body and can cause sufferers to feel symptoms such as fatigue.
What is glucagon hormone?
Glucagon is a natural hormone your body makes that works with other hormones and bodily functions to control glucose (sugar) levels in your blood. Glucagon prevents your blood sugar from dropping too low.
What stimulates secretion of glucagon?
Secretion of glucagon is stimulated by: Epinephrine (via β2, α2, and α1 adrenergic receptors) Alanine (often from muscle-derived pyruvate/glutamate transamination (see alanine transaminase reaction).
What is the pathophysiology of alpha thalassemia?
Alpha thalassemia is caused by deletions of alpha-globin genes, and beta thalassemias are caused by a point mutation in splice site and promoter regions of the beta-globin gene on chromosome 11. [4] Epidemiology
Does glucagon play a role in control of glucose homeostasis?
Review[Glucagon and glucagon-like peptides the role in control glucose homeostasis. Part I]. [Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Me…] Review[Glucagon and glucagon-like peptides the role in control glucose homeostasis.