What is considered an outgroup?
outgroup: species or group of species closely related to but not included within a taxon.
What is the purpose of an outgroup?
The outgroup is used as a point of comparison for the ingroup and specifically allows for the phylogeny to be rooted. Because the polarity (direction) of character change can be determined only on a rooted phylogeny, the choice of outgroup is essential for understanding the evolution of traits along a phylogeny.
How do you select outgroup for phylogenetic tree?
In general, an outgroup should be as close as possible to the ingroup. If there is a risk that it is really part of the ingroup, then other outgroups are needed in addition, to help resolve those relationships. Multiple outgroups give a more reliable picture.
What are in groups and out groups?
In sociology and social psychology, an in-group is a social group to which a person psychologically identifies as being a member. By contrast, an out-group is a social group with which an individual does not identify.
What is another word for outgroup?
Out-group synonyms In this page you can discover 6 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for out-group, like: unconstituted, outgroup, ingroup, extroverted, the-ingroup and in-group.
What is an ingroup and outgroup?
Many theories of intergroup relations in social psychology try to explain this phenomenon. Ingroups are groups to which a person belongs, and outgroups are groups to which a person does not belong (and which could therefore become target for ingroup bias).
How do you find the outgroup?
The key difference between ingroup and outgroup in biology is that an ingroup is a group of closely related taxa that is investigated for evolutionary relationships while outgroup is a reference group or a taxon outside the group of interest and more distantly related to the ingroup.
What is ClustalW and what is its purpose?
Clustal W is a general purpose multiple alignment program for DNA or proteins. The sensitivity of the commonly used progressive multiple sequence alignment method has been greatly improved for the alignment of divergent protein sequences.
How do you reference ClustalX?
References: Thompson,J.D., Gibson,T.J., Plewniak,F., Jeanmougin,F. and Higgins,D.G. (1997) The ClustalX windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Research, 24:4876-4882.
