What is the function of Rab proteins?
Rab proteins are monomeric small guanine triphosphatases (GTPases) that function as key regulators of eukaryotic membrane trafficking. Specifically, they have been implicated in the budding, transport, docking, and fusion of lipid bilayer vesicles.
What is a Rab effector?
Rab effectors, defined as proteins that interact specifically with the GTP-bound from of a Rab GTPase, come in many flavours and include molecular tethers, fusion regulators, motors, sorting adaptors, kinases, phosphatases, components of membrane contact sites and Rab regulators (Gillingham et al., 2014).
What do Rab GTPases do?
Rab GTPases regulate many steps of membrane trafficking, including vesicle formation, vesicle movement along actin and tubulin networks, and membrane fusion. These processes make up the route through which cell surface proteins are trafficked from the Golgi to the plasma membrane and are recycled.
Is Rab a small GTPase?
The Rab family is part of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. There are at least 60 Rab genes in the human genome, and a number of Rab GTPases are conserved from yeast to humans.
Where are Rab proteins found?
Rab proteins form the largest branch of the Ras superfamily of GTPases. They are localized to the cytoplasmic face of organelles and vesicles involved in the biosynthetic/secretory and endocytic pathways in eukaryotic cells.
Why are Rab proteins important to intracellular membrane trafficking?
Rab21 and Rab25 regulate transport of integrins to control cell adhesion and cytokinesis. Rab13 directs traffic to and regulates formation of tight junctions in polarized epithelial cells. Tight junctions define the boundary between the apical and basolateral regions of the polarized cell.
What is Rab Gene?
RAB The Rab family of proteins is a member of the Ras superfamily of monomeric G proteins. Rab GTPases regulate many steps of membrane traffic, including vesicle formation, vesicle movement along actin and tubulin networks, and membrane fusion.
Where are Rab effector proteins found?
TABLE 1
| Rab Protein | Localization | Effector Proteins; Related Diseases |
|---|---|---|
| Rab14 | Golgi, early endosome, GLUT4 vesicles | FIP2, RCP, Rip11, D-AKAP2 |
| Rab15 | Early/sorting endosome, RE | MICAL-1, MICAL COOH-terminal like, MICAL-L1, JRAB/MICAL-L2, Rab15 effector protein |
| Rab17 | RE | |
| Rab18 | Golgi, lipid droplets |
What is the function of Rab GTPases quizlet?
c)Rab GTPase helps to disconnect t-SNARE and v-SNARE after fusion has occurred.
What is the role of Rab proteins in vesicle targeting?
It is well established that Rab proteins function in the tethering/docking of vesicles to their target compartment, leading to membrane fusion. However, Rab proteins have also been implicated in vesicle budding and, more recently, in the interaction of vesicles with cytoskeletal elements.
Where is Rab GTPase located?
Figure 2: Localization and function of Rab GTPases. RAB1, located at endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit sites and the pre-Golgi intermediate compartment (IC), mediates ER–Golgi trafficking.
What is the role of Rab proteins in vesicle targeting quizlet?
Rab proteins- guide transport vesicles to their target membrane, highly distributed on secretory and endocytic pathways which makes them ideal molecular markers for identifying each membrane type and guiding vesicle traffic between them.